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The Changing Museum: An Educator鈥檚 Tour Marianne Eggler 鈥80 Museums see their missions as evolving, says a longtime educator at New York鈥檚 Museum of Modern Art. Interview by Karen McCally 鈥02 (PhD)

My parents were antique dealers. That really prompted my interest in the history of design and the history of architecture. And I had wonderful professors at Rochester. R茅my Saisselin was the most extraordinary 18th-century expert. I also had an internship working with Bruce Chambers, who was at the time the director of the Memorial Art Gallery. There were just three of us鈥攖alk about getting hands-on museum experience!

I鈥檝e been a freelance educator at MoMA [Museum of Modern Art] since 1998. I鈥檝e served in a couple of different capacities, including teaching adult education courses based on special exhibitions. We teach in our areas of expertise, and this fall, I鈥檓 teaching a class on modern interior design based on the show that opened in October at MoMA called 鈥淗ow Should We Live? Propositions for the Modern Interior.鈥

I also conducted what we used to call tours. I would have a theme that I鈥檇 come up with, and I would walk a group of visitors through the gallery, talking about each of the works.

masterclass(Illustration: David Cowles for Rochester Review)

A couple of years ago, tours were replaced by what are called gallery sessions. These are interactive, hands-on experiences. Ours take place over the course of an hour, and are based on a theme. For this fall鈥檚 exhibit, I designed a gallery session called 鈥淎t Home with Women Designers.鈥 I ask people to write down a few words that they would relate to the idea of 鈥渇eminine,鈥 and then to write down a few words that might describe 鈥渕odern.鈥 And then we go around the gallery, with the participants finding a work that they would like to discuss in relationship to the feminine and the modern.

Working with the public is very challenging. At my main job, teaching at the Fashion Institute of Technology, it鈥檚 like I鈥檓 preaching to the choir. At MoMA, gallery sessions are composed of totally random groups of people who just happen to be in the museum at a given time. My courses there attract people who are just interested in everything that MoMA does, and may have never studied art history, as well as young professionals who might be art collectors or interior designers.

When MoMA went from gallery tours to interactive sessions, there was a mass revolt among my colleagues. A lot of them left because they didn鈥檛 want to deal with the chaos that interactive programs can bring, as opposed to the control you have when you鈥檙e leading a tour. Many educators also didn鈥檛 feel it was up to their scholarly level. You鈥檙e not giving the public as much information in an interactive session.

I have to say I was also initially horrified with the change. Now, about a year and a half later, I think an interactive approach can work well. I would say, in general, I鈥檝e come to enjoy it, because people across the board say they love it. The MoMA pays a great deal of attention to statistical analyses of the data on different programs, and I suspect if the approach wasn鈥檛 working, it would be abandoned.

There are still some drawbacks. Interactive sessions can disqualify visitors who aren鈥檛 fluent in English. Sometimes these visitors just want someone to walk them through the gallery. They know enough English to pick up a little bit, or they can intuit what is being pointed to. When I鈥檝e done interactive programs, I鈥檝e seen people who can鈥檛 speak English very well leave.

There鈥檚 a general push toward the museum as a place of entertainment. There鈥檚 a sense that going to the museum should be on a level with all the other offerings in a large city, such as the theater or concerts. It鈥檚 also becoming a social destination鈥攁 place to hang out, have coffee, to see and be seen. It鈥檚 a real honor to work at MoMA, and enriching for me personally. But having had such a wonderful education at Rochester and at CUNY [City University of New York] Graduate Center, I think something鈥檚 being lost.

Marianne Eggler 鈥80

Home: Brooklyn, New York

Adjunct assistant professor of art history, Fashion Institute of Technology; freelance educator, Museum of Modern Art, New York City.

A memorable class: 鈥淚n a class with Professor Saisselin, there were many auditors, mostly women from the Rochester area who were interested in art and culture. They would invite us to their fabulous architect-designed homes to have class. Because we had class at their homes, we said, 鈥楲et鈥檚 have a class in ours.鈥 We had them over to Lovejoy.鈥